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13 min read
January 3, 2025

Decoding Your Metabolism: Understanding TDEE, BMR, NEAT, EAT, and TEF

Stop guessing with your calories. Master the science behind metabolism with this complete breakdown of TDEE, BMR, NEAT, EAT, and TEF. Learn exactly how many calories you burn and how to optimize each component for maximum results.

FF
Fit Fortune Team
Science & Education • Dubai

"I have a slow metabolism." "My metabolism is broken." "I need to boost my metabolism." You've probably said or heard these phrases countless times. But what does "metabolism" actually mean? And more importantly – can you really control it?

Most people think metabolism is this mysterious thing that either works or doesn't. The truth? Your metabolism is a precise, measurable system with specific components you can influence. Understanding these components is the difference between guessing your calories and knowing exactly how many you need.

The Metabolism Equation: TDEE Explained

TDEE: Total Daily Energy Expenditure

The total number of calories your body burns in 24 hours

TDEE =

BMR
60-70%
+
NEAT
15-30%
+
EAT
5-10%
+
TEF
8-15%

Each component plays a role – understanding them gives you control

Component 1: BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)

What Is BMR?

The calories your body burns just to keep you alive. Breathing, heartbeat, brain function, cell repair – all the automatic stuff.

BMR Accounts For: 60-70% of Total Calories

If you burned 2,500 calories daily, approximately 1,500-1,750 come from BMR alone.

What It Powers:

  • • Heart pumping blood
  • • Lungs breathing
  • • Brain function
  • • Kidney filtration
  • • Cell reproduction
  • • Temperature regulation

Factors That Affect BMR:

  • • Age (↓ 1-2%/decade after 30)
  • • Gender (men > women)
  • • Height (taller = higher)
  • • Muscle mass (↑ muscle = ↑ BMR)
  • • Genetics (10-15% variance)

Can You Change It?

  • ✓ Build muscle (+50 cal/kg)
  • ✓ Maintain weight (no crash dieting)
  • ✓ Eat enough protein
  • ✗ Age (can't reverse)
  • ✗ Genetics (can't change)

Calculate Your BMR (Mifflin-St Jeor Equation)

For Men:

BMR = (10 × weight in kg) + (6.25 × height in cm) - (5 × age) + 5

Example: 80kg, 180cm, 35 years
= (10 × 80) + (6.25 × 180) - (5 × 35) + 5
= 800 + 1,125 - 175 + 5
= 1,755 calories

For Women:

BMR = (10 × weight in kg) + (6.25 × height in cm) - (5 × age) - 161

Example: 65kg, 165cm, 30 years
= (10 × 65) + (6.25 × 165) - (5 × 30) - 161
= 650 + 1,031 - 150 - 161
= 1,370 calories

Component 2: NEAT (Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)

What Is NEAT?

All the calories you burn from movement that ISN'T formal exercise. Walking, fidgeting, standing, typing, cleaning – everything.

NEAT Accounts For: 15-30% of Total Calories

The Game-Changer: NEAT varies wildly between people. Someone who walks 15,000 steps daily burns 500-800 more calories than someone at 3,000 steps.

🔥 Why NEAT Matters for Dubai Professionals:

Office jobs = low NEAT. You might only burn 200-300 calories from NEAT if you sit 10 hours daily. But adding 10,000 daily steps = +400-500 calories. That's the difference between fat loss and maintenance.

Low NEAT Lifestyle (Sedentary Dubai Office Worker):

  • Wake up → car to work (no walking)
  • Sit at desk 9 hours
  • Car home, couch, bed
  • Daily steps: 2,000-3,000
  • NEAT calories: ~250

High NEAT Lifestyle (Active Professional):

  • Walk to coffee shop (2,000 steps)
  • Standing desk + walk breaks
  • Evening walk at Marina (5,000 steps)
  • Daily steps: 12,000-15,000
  • NEAT calories: ~700

Difference: 450 calories daily = 3,150 calories weekly = almost 0.5kg fat per week!

How to Increase Your NEAT in Dubai:

1.

Target 10,000+ Daily Steps

Use Dubai Mall for AC walking (5km = 6,500 steps). Park far from office. Take stairs.

2.

Standing Desk (Even Part-Time)

Stand 4 hours = burn extra 100-150 calories daily vs. sitting all day.

3.

Walking Meetings

Take phone calls while walking. 30-min call = 2,000 steps = 80 calories.

4.

Evening Walks at Marina/JBR

Post-dinner 30-minute walk = 3,000 steps = mental clarity + 120 calories.

Component 3: EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)

What Is EAT?

Calories burned during intentional exercise. Gym sessions, runs, sports, fitness classes – anything you do "for fitness."

EAT Accounts For: 5-10% of Total Calories

Surprising Truth: Exercise burns less than you think. A 45-min gym session = 300-500 calories. That's important, but NOT the biggest factor.

Cardio (45 min)

  • • Running (10 km/h): 450 cal
  • • Cycling: 350 cal
  • • Swimming: 400 cal
  • • Walking: 200 cal

Strength (60 min)

  • • Heavy lifting: 300 cal
  • • Circuit training: 400 cal
  • • Bodyweight: 250 cal
  • • CrossFit: 500 cal

Classes (60 min)

  • • HIIT class: 500 cal
  • • Spin class: 450 cal
  • • Yoga: 200 cal
  • • Boxing: 600 cal

⚠️ The Exercise Compensation Effect:

After intense workouts, people often eat more (feeling "I earned it") and move less throughout the day (tired = lower NEAT). The 400 calories you burned at gym get negated by 500 extra calories at lunch + 200 fewer NEAT calories. Net result: GAINED calories.

Component 4: TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)

What Is TEF?

The calories your body burns just digesting, absorbing, and processing food. Yes – eating burns calories!

TEF Accounts For: 8-15% of Total Calories

Different macros have different TEF values:

PROTEIN
20-30%

Eat 100 cal protein
Burn 20-30 cal digesting it

CARBS
5-10%

Eat 100 cal carbs
Burn 5-10 cal digesting it

FATS
0-3%

Eat 100 cal fat
Burn 0-3 cal digesting it

💡 Why This Matters for Fat Loss:

A 2,000 calorie diet with 40% protein (800 cal) has a TEF of ~200 calories. The same calories with 15% protein (300 cal) has a TEF of ~120 calories. That's 80 extra calories burned daily just from eating more protein = 560 calories weekly!

This is why high-protein diets work better – you literally burn more calories digesting them.

Putting It All Together: Your Complete TDEE

Real Example: 80kg Male, Dubai Office Worker

BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)

Using Mifflin-St Jeor Formula

1,755

NEAT (Non-Exercise Activity)

10,000 steps daily + standing desk

+500

EAT (Exercise Activity)

4× weekly strength training (45 min each)

+200

TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)

2,500 calories with 30% protein

+300

TOTAL TDEE

Daily Calorie Expenditure

2,755

Fat Loss

2,250

500 cal deficit

Maintenance

2,755

No change

Muscle Gain

3,000

250 cal surplus

How to Optimize Each Component

1 Maximize BMR: Build Muscle

  • Strength train 3-4x weekly (progressive overload)
  • Eat 2-2.5g protein per kg bodyweight
  • Never drop calories below BMR (causes metabolic adaptation)

2 Maximize NEAT: Move More Daily

  • Target 10,000-15,000 daily steps (biggest impact)
  • Use standing desk 50% of workday
  • Park far, take stairs, walk during calls

3 Optimize EAT: Train Smart, Not More

  • 3-5 focused sessions weekly (more ≠ better)
  • Mix strength (maintain muscle) + cardio (heart health)
  • Don't compensate with extra food or less NEAT

4 Maximize TEF: Prioritize Protein

  • Make protein 25-35% of total calories
  • Eat protein at every meal (spreads TEF throughout day)
  • Choose whole foods over processed (higher TEF)

The Bottom Line

Your metabolism isn't broken – it's predictable. TDEE isn't some mysterious number – it's BMR + NEAT + EAT + TEF. Each component can be calculated, measured, and optimized.

The biggest revelation? NEAT matters more than gym time. Walking 15,000 daily steps burns more calories than 3 weekly gym sessions. Building muscle increases BMR permanently. Eating high-protein boosts TEF automatically. Control these variables = control your results.

Calculate Your Personalized TDEE

Stop guessing with calories. Our Dubai coaching programs include complete metabolic assessments, personalized TDEE calculations, and strategies to optimize every component for maximum results.